When we think about reducing CO₂ emissions and energy consumption, smokestacks and car exhaust pipes usually come to mind. However, residential buildings in our cities are responsible for almost 40% of energy consumption and 36% of CO₂ emissions in the European Union. In a continent where the climate crisis is becoming increasingly evident, ensuring sustainable housing is not just an option but an imperative.
A sustainable housing model is not limited to buildings with low environmental impact; it must integrate a holistic vision that includes reducing energy consumption, promoting energy communities, and efficiently managing the resources used in and around housing.
The cooperative housing model has grown significantly in Catalonia over the past ten years. There are now more than 1,200 cooperative homes that are protected from real estate speculation. This model is grounded in the belief that housing is a fundamental right, not a market asset, building egalitarian communities, and being resilient to climate change. These initiatives have established standards that surpass existing regulations, reducing energy demand and environmental impact by 40-50% compared to the average residential construction in Catalonia.
Most of these buildings use less than 15 kWh/m² per year for heating and cooling, approaching the certification of nZEB (nearly Zero-Energy Buildings). This achievement is complemented by measures such as the installation of renewable energy systems, wastewater recycling, and the implementation of sustainable mobility within communities.
If we want sustainable housing in Europe, we need to adopt a holistic approach that goes beyond using sustainable materials and innovative systems. We must create strong, eco-conscious, democratic communities that manage their housing independently of market logic. Drawing from the experiences of various European countries, we can identify some key measures:
- Establishing High Energy Efficiency Standards: Exceed regulatory requirements with proprietary standards that aim for minimal energy consumption and the exclusive use of renewable energies. These standards should be adopted at the European level, with regulations that incentivize and reward such efforts.
- Promoting Energy Communities: Creating energy communities that collectively manage energy production and consumption is crucial for reducing dependence on non-renewable sources.
- Encouraging Citizen Participation: Active citizen participation ensures that the real needs of people are reflected in housing projects, increasing their sustainability and acceptance.
- Adopting Sustainable Mobility: Integrating sustainable mobility into housing design, such as bicycles, electric cars, and shared transport systems, reduces CO₂ emissions and improves residents’ quality of life.
Sustainable housing in Europe must go beyond the use of renewable energy. It must be a collective process that involves citizens, goes beyond established international standards, and promotes cooperation between communities. The experience and commitment of housing cooperatives across Europe can significantly contribute to this goal, paving the way for a sustainable housing future across the continent.
Add new comment